FALLS: A Dangerous Event in our Lives

A fall can be a profound event in the life of an older adult as it may herald a loss of autonomy or be a sign of insidious illness.  Unintentional injuries are the fifth leading cause of death in older persons and the financial impact is more than 25 billion annually.  One third of independently living older adults over age 65 years experiences at least one fall per year.  Some of these falls lead to serious disability including the fear of falling again.  This can lead to erosion of confidence and activity which further restricts mobility and safety.  This vicious cycle often leads to further decline in functional abilities.

Kurt Brueckert, MD, a family physician at the Aurora Wilkinson Medical Clinic in Delafield explains, “A fall is defined as an event that leads to a person to come to rest on the ground unintentionally. This should be differentiated from “syncope”, a condition associated with loss of consciousness.  Recurrent fallers or “near falls” are of special concern.  It is particularly easy to dismiss such events as happenstance, but underlying loss of sensation, muscle, balance, or eyesight may be contributing factors to falls and subsequent fear of falling.”

The most common places for falls are the bathroom or bedroom. Falls are more likely in elderly women, particularly after discharge from a hospital.  It is recommended that falls be reported to a physician, particularly if a fall is preceded by symptoms.  Prompt evaluation may result in decreased frequency or severity of falls as well as earlier treatment of an underlying illness.   Treatment may consist of medication changes or by utilizing an in-home specialist or physical/occupational therapists.

Dr. Brueckert notes these possible contributing factors to a fall: eye and ear problems, poor circulation to the brain; altered sensation in hands or feet; muscle weakness and pain in the legs; dizziness; poor balance; abnormal heart rhythms; and low blood pressure.  These are just a few of the causes of falls and many times these can occur simultaneously.

Prevention of falls in the home environment is paramount.  “Bathrooms, hallways, stairwells, and outdoor walkways should be well lit.  Non-glare and nonskid flooring can prevent falls.  Loose rugs should be secured.  Sturdy handrails should be installed near steps and in the shower.  Bathrooms should have raised toilets and grab bars.  Hallways should be free of clutter.  One should be extra cautious around pets and alcohol should also be avoided.  If falls do occur there should be a cell phone or lifeline easily accessible.”  Being active also enhances quality of life and keeps our limbs strong.  Physical activity, in something one enjoys, is encouraged.  Dr. Brueckert continues, “Many falls are preventable.  So, please take a moment to think about possible hazards around our home and share your concerns openly with your family doctor.  Be safe and enjoy the Spring!”

To schedule an appointment with Dr. Brueckert at the Aurora Wilkinson Medical Clinic in Delafield, please call 262-646-1440.